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to subject theory

Sequence 1:
I: It is difficult to provide aid for Turkish families on their feet. Reality or stigma? (P. 3, line 36 - 37)

In the present Case can be referred to, derived from the critical psychology theory of the subject, addressed in particular is that we must manage to get away from the bourgeois psychology, with its "if-then" causality ". If
Turkish families have a family problem, they prefer to keep it for yourself, look no help. Building trust is almost impossible (p. 4, 8 - 10).

The theory of the subject is more varied in their approach and provides "self-evident" in question. Disturbances are stationary in this theoretical approach is not only the individual but the environment is involved.
KriPsy says that both man under social conditions as like itself also creates these conditions.
That is, when it comes to personality or psyche, the society / the environment in mind, as this miteinwirkt on people.
lies in society from a network of expectations, which is exposed to the individual
and it needs to develop into it. Therefore, it is important to make individual inventories and connect with people in dialogue, to better understand their sensitivities and their resultant behavior.

Finally, I would simply reiterate that the social worker should psychologizing, but it requires psychological Knowledge and a broad, far-ranging knowledge.
Other important factors are:
- multiperspectivity
- knowledge of important structures and cultural basic orientation of the
countries of origin
- Migration reasons and progressions



to stigma theory

Sequence 3:
III: Turkish families do not fall into the cards look
Introduction to the stigma theory

In our minds there is still a generally accepted picture of Turkish families and their behaviors. We automatically from a categorization, although such a negative attitude in a family of any to observe the origin and social class is, speak also German families from the middle class, for example, may refuse professional help.

means by a stigma to the impairment or diminution of a person or group by certain negative stereotypes. A property is a social Disprivilegierung established.
In particular, "visibility" (visibility) makes this the stigmatize. Attributions are enhanced by using specific stigma terms.
headscarf = Turkish origin = closed and unwelcoming!

be on the basis of a stigma in some cases other imperfections and negative qualities as a generalization assumed.
There is a Turkish family to find professional help is perceived as difficult (p. 3, line 36 - 37). help establish a "tough job" and very time consuming (p. 4 line 47-53) is.
The social worker believes that Turkish families deal with other general diseases (p. 4, line 9).
Turkish families, it is assumed that they react repellent when it comes to family matters. They are suspicious and hostile act (p. 4, line 10 - 12).
It is difficult to build confidence to Turkish families (p. 4, lines 53-54).

Such stigmatization has Self-forming by the stigma is transferred to the self. The stigmatized experienced over time even as deficient and develops feelings of shame / inferiority feelings and other primarily passive reaction variants.

stigmatization resulting in social intercourse, they are context-dependent (and therefore relative), that is what is used in an affinity group / region / country or part of a world recognized as normal or positive abnormality can somewhere else or at another time a cause for stigma . give
by institutional players, in this case the social worker is called a stigma and distributed (articulated). Through their evaluation of a practice the existing labels increased. Such forms
commit to lead to a different major status. A subject that once violated a rule or a stigma gets assigned, is referred to as a whole and different, which brings disastrous long-term consequences.


to positive reinforcement

sequence 4:
IV: Positive reinforcement (p. 7 / 8, line 17 - 9)

case of positive reinforcement is a term from behavioral biology and psychology and is the area operant conditioning are assigned.
1900 Pavlov was one of the first hired for this purpose the investigations.
He found that many constantly evolving human behavior can be explained using the laws of operant learning.
essential principle of instrumental learning is the reinforcement. Ie, behavior can be controlled by spontaneously voiced behavior is reinforced. Positive reinforcement is used to activate and maintain certain behaviors. From the positive reinforcement we talk when entering a pleasant and desired behavior consequences.

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Welcome to the broadcast "Schulze wants to know` s "
Name: Prof. Dr. Heidi Schulze

Interview Presentation:
social worker in a rehabilitation clinic for traumatized Children and young people. There so much information about the traumatized children and young people are caught up as possible and based on that established the useful applications, offers and therapies. But first and foremost it's about having fun. The largest field of observation or treatment inventory point, the stationary frame or group setting. There anomalies, features and Organilitäten are observed which are to be made up in another course of therapy. If it is for young people as highly problematic to integrate in a large group, then this is for social education, in the place known as Social Education or Interdisciplinary Small groups offer. But this is only a small piece of the mosaic of social work in this clinic. This is accomplished thus a rehabilitation clinic where keien therapy, but only the treatment needs are identified.

We have the interview recorded on video and five sequences can be played out this interview and discuss in our panel of experts.
After three sequences we want to short, to publicity.
At the end of a sequence attached to the topic of this section of this wall around you to facilitate the review and enable entry into a common discussion at the end of the broadcast.

experts today are:
social worker Anna Bickert
Social scientist Rebecca Steng
trauma educator and psychologist Isabel Miriam Bausch
tooth

Case report:
The social worker reported one case in one of her former job as director of a daycare center. But we now hear live how she describes this case: PLAY

First of all I would like to set the SA responding by saying that it is difficult to provide aid for Turkish families on their feet. Is this the reality or stigmatized here this family, Mrs Bickley?

Steng woman, you can contact us in this context a brief introduction to the theory of the subject give?

Another theme in this sequence is the wetting of the daughter. Bausch woman, this is a sign of trauma?

My name is Schulze, and I want to know what happens next in the case. We'll show you: PLAY

. "So it was tried again only to have drugs to effect things without thinking there might be something even the background," it describes the SA woman tooth, the symptoms could the child be treated without medication, or what are Therapiemögkkichkeiten it in such a case? (Isa - Miri - Isa)

Mrs Bickley can you tell us about the professional practices of the SA in this case?

hear how the case proceeds and see it now: PLAY

"Turkish families can not look at the cards, they have social work from classical." This too shows may be a stigma. Steng woman, as you see it?

Mrs Bickley, can you comment take , perhaps with an example from her practice?

How can you rename this sequence in the professional activities of the SA? (Isa )

We want now to return to the advertising. Then we have yet another case, which is divided into two sequences is complete and we want to have a discussion with the audience.

Welcome back. My name is Schulze, and I want's to know. We will now play a short sequence from that interview and I would like briefly before taking the case into it.

The social worker tells of a youth who had to be ranked third, because the mother was not capable of education. After a few years ago came back the girl to her mother, because she filed the legal action and got custody back. The mother however, was alcohol-and chronically ill and died shortly after. The Office has sought to bring these kids into a youth services facility and a friend of the mother was also ready to take it explains. The girl at the time had a very negative self-image and self-perception, she had little self-confidence. The attending doctor was of the opinion that this girl had to be cared for Psychiatric and where appropriate hospital. These young people was only a few weeks before staying with the foster mother and had no real opportunity to live there one when she was admitted to the rehabilitation clinic. The SA of the interview, and some of their colleagues, were opposed to this instruction, because they thought the girl would just take time and we would not give her this, one would break it even more so. There has been much debate about the future course, with the result that young people get their treatment, but no psychiatric treatment in that sense. Everything else you hear: PLAY

environment stabilization or future planning? What would be the more professional behavior? Bausch woman like me can answer this question? (Miri + Isa)

Thank you for those comments. Another point that struck me in this sequence was the positive Strengthening of the SA face of this youth. Steng woman, as we see from what in theory?

And how can this theory into practice, Mrs Bickley?

was it like in the real world on with this girl? See and hear it for yourself: PLAY

puberty as common knowledge, as a trauma Professions knowledge. Bausch woman, how can you connect it? As you can see these connections or contradictions in this case?
Mrs Bickley, you can take from their practice to comment?

I take this opportunity to first once very, very warmly thank you for. Schulze's will know, a mission of experts for experts. And since I would now like to ask about the different themes to adopt a position or to ask questions. We sit here several professionals who answer your questions.

I myself find it amazing that a social worker is to control all sitting here thinking-Professions. You should be familiar with psychology, social sciences and in job-specific pedagogical methods and practices and to translate this into practice. What does this mean in reality? Is that even possible?

(Perhaps it would be quite cool, if each of us could think of a question could be discussed in the concluding discussion. Whether there is time for yet or not. Then everyone has something to keep in your pocket to the discussion alive)

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Positive reinforcement

Positive reinforcement, appendix:
gain is a term used in behavioral biology and psychology, especially from the behaviorism. This is an epistemological position that is assumed that the behavior of humans and animals using the methods of science can be studied. He is understood therefore as a
theory of the science of behavior, behavioral science and behavioral analysis. There is intermittent and continuous reinforcement.

Pawlowosche addressing the needs pyramid, because there lies the foundation of behaviorism ...

Schremer (FJ) speaks in "Methods of Change" by the behavior shaping (shaping) and response chaining (chaining) and strategies (2005, p. ff 72):
"was, if a desired target behavior has not yet or no longer shown it can not be followed by an amplifier. One way is to strengthen already behaviors that are associated with the target behavior, and progress is made towards the target behavior ...."

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Isabel II "development"

Hello love
So today I pretty much spent the whole day at the desk and read and leave my little development progress ... :) My preliminary drawing I call you up just so you can look at you this time. The grief I have to work out something. But I do not do too much, not that it'll sprenngt the frame. It would be great if you could give me some feedback ...

Sequence 1:
experience on using assumptions of foreign families.
experience of me in my psychological practice: a three-year-old, Turkish boy met me when I wanted to give him a help, as follows: "You are a woman and women let's say I have nothing! "From this statement, I could conclude that the whole family is against the offer of help for me and therefore was not accessible. The cure would possibly have been represented by a male psychologist. But first, I experienced a rejection of aid.


Sequence 2:
drugs yes / no?
entry from me: This is clearly not a bed-wetting in front of a classic form, we are talking here of a depressive disorder. In practice, these depressive disorders are located in two different forms. There are the light of the severe form. Eighth, we are talking about my Esser clearly a serious Einnässepisode with depressive disorders. It would be important for the child to be initially admitted to the necessary supportive care to receive. In the later phase, of course, after improvement of symptoms, should be continued with the psychotherapy. I also advise, as there is a serious form of depression, to prescribe psychotropic drugs. This usually happens on admission. Does not make sense but would be taking Tofranil or mianserin, since this is about drugs that stop just short term Dranginkontinez. This would be, as Mrs Bausch already described, only useful if it is a Primary enuresis is. Rather, I would advise to a psychiatric in combination with behavioral treatments.


Following Miri with trauma:
The mother desperately needs professional help. The mother is a horrendous number of grief reactions and projects these to their child. She herself was not at the accident site and has left her small children alone in the home. This internal self-blame are highly in need of treatment. Only when the mother is a therapy in the ratio can be used to restore his daughter to become, as it once was.


Sequence 3:
working relationship: The SA
shows in the interview highly professional actions. Makes no, neither the mother nor the child have any complaints or sanctions. As well as prof. Of action is to see is the tentative information of the youth office. The SA does appear to be enough potential problems within the family their own, of course, with prof. Assistance in the form of therapy and counseling to cope. The SA tried a relationship and trust in the mother produce. Without this trust or relationship basis is part of the family support can not be displayed. One could expect no cooperation and participation of the family. Relationship building is the most basic element that requires social work or psychology. "Relationship work, a procedure referred to in interpersonal Relations, is the attempt by the parties aware of their attitude towards the question to each other and in terms of a positive relationship to keep the design variable. It has the goal of permitting, confidence, achieve greater consistency of (factual / emotional) and open exchange "


sequence 4.
Build on Miri: Basically, I give Mrs. Bausch right, but it should also be a great attention to the future design will be added. As we know, by a reorganized, redesigned future unfold the life cycle all over again. This is often the hidden force that has a child or adolescent. Thus, the young people the Opportunity to create new hope and motivation to start with in the future.



Greetings, Isabel
your

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The concept

Hallöchen her love

here I tried the concept of "the real Schulze" to write, without knowing how to write a Konzepz. Therefore, I would like some feedback from you. You could just below this post on "Comments" link and what to write. Thank you. Greetings Esther

The introduction
The presentation of the interview analysis in the course professional consulting and support services of the module 21b is in the form a TV show take place. "Schulze wants to know` s "is a mission of experts to be experts and cover topics from the fields of social work. When asked to be professional, and "unprofessional experts" such as parents or students.
In the first "broadcast" will be hosted four experts that will analyze from their expert perspectives an interview. In this interview, a social worker in a rehabilitation clinic to report on their work and describes the basis of various case studies from their practice.

Building
Prof. Heidi Schulze (Esther Weber) will be presenting this program. Experts are the Traumatologin Miriam Bausch, the theory scientist Rebecca Steng, the psychologist Isabel tooth, and the social worker Anna Bickert. This analysis will broadcast a live interview (played by Stephanie Arnold and Olga Almendinger) were analyzed in relation to different view modes and priorities and within the "expert panel" discussion.
following topics are covered here in particular:
the professional actions of the social worker, derived from the interview
the topic of trauma, with the sub-theme "wetting"
the stigmatization or Ettiketierungstheoerie
mourning as social needs education.
The advertising content will be various book ideas and a representation of a rehabilitation clinic and be the website that was created for the show (www.schulze-wills-wissen.blogspot.com). This was used during the preparation time as a wiki and will function according to the presentation as a handout. There, all topics are presented in detail to find various links and book references and the opportunity to participate be given by comments.

Implementation
The interview given to the social worker at the rehabilitation clinic was divided by us into our most important sequences:
I: p.3 Z. 8-52
II: p. 3 / 4 inch 54-24
III: p. 4 / 5 PERS 26-3
---- Advertisement ----
IV: p. 7 / 8 PERS 17-9
V: 11-24 p.8 Z.

and divided into various sub-themes. These look like this:
enuresis as an indication of a trauma? to make
difficulties, support for Turkish families on their feet?
wetting / = trauma treatment options instead of drugs?
strengthening of trauma reactions by the mother's behavior
= Professional conduct therapy or the mother's grief
stigma
relationship work
Umfeldstabiliserung advance planning for the future? Professional
action = positive reinforcement

The structure of the program is as follows look:
The four experts are sitting in a chair half-circle and talk about the interview. The interview will
nachgesprochen of Stephanie and Olga, who are behind a "TV".
Fri Schulze is a remote control that can control TV and the matching sequences of "Stop and play can play.
is in the background of a video projector suitable logo to be seen and also initiate the start, advertising and the end.

The aim of this paper
goal is the professional and the unprofessional actions in different areas, as well as in relation to the social worker and reflect to discuss the students. It should be a critical and informal discussion.
For us it is important in the preparation time that we consider not only the actions of the social worker, but also deal more intensively with the mentioned issues. Our results and thought we would get through our presentation interesting and varied the other students nearby.

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development of Miri (revised)

proposals and amendments were adopted:..)

"Psychological trauma is the suffering of the powerless, the trauma incurred at the moment when the victim of an overwhelming power is rendered helpless When this power is a force of nature, we speak of a disaster. Practicing other people saw these, we speak of violence. Traumatic events turn the social network that gives the person usually a feeling of control, belonging to a system of relationships and meaning. "
(Judith Hermann, The scars of violence, Munich 1993, p. 54)

sequence 1

enuresis = is trauma response
In the illustrative example, it is the wetting of the child to a secondary enuresis, which is different from the primary enuresis.
from "secondary enuresis" is when a child was at least six months completely dry again einzunässen begins. Often a Relapse a psychological reaction to stressful changes in life environment of the child as:

- Death of sibling
- parenting style of the mother (extreme severity and
hardness, coldness, over-or under-challenged, moral
values etc.)
important is that child is not organic, so physically ill.

I'd like something closer to the trauma that had addressed the social worker. Is the behavior, ie the wetting a trauma response?
First I would like to briefly touch on what can be generally defined as trauma.
stressful experiences are a natural part our lives and we, therefore, all people, have good ability to handle physical and mental stress and to adapt. A psychological trauma is in the jargon of psychology, a profound experience that is beyond the scope of common human experience and calls on the psychological and biological coping mechanisms of people. Traumatic events threaten the life or physical integrity, and enable those affected in extreme helplessness and fear. It is important that each can happen.
can To stay in the shown example, also lead the mere testimony to a trauma.
The child described in the example is is an emotional trauma. The child has suffered a great loss (ie the death of a sibling) and is also made by the parent responsible.
consequences can be emotional such as blocking and blocking behavior, anxiety, paralysis and even the re-wetting.

sequence 2

medications Yes / No
I would agree with Mrs Zahn, that the child must be helped umbedingt. However, I stand at the psychological causes that have triggered the re-wetting with the child in the foreground. Please be careful with the hasty administration of drugs. The medication helps only in very limited or, in rare cases (10%) and I would like to stress once again that it is important for the child to give therapeutic support, so it has seen what it can handle.
Furthermore, I'd like to look in this context, the behavior of the mother. Can differ from this example between a man-made trauma (manmade) and a non-man-made trauma (not man-made). The non-man-made trauma in this case is the death of a sibling and the man-made trauma, the emotional violence (insults, preference of other siblings, responsibility for the death, etc.) of the mother of the child is exposed.
This definitely has a great influence on the behavior of the child.
An example of this: One need only one point x without any material issue and to bend her, sometime, sooner or later, it breaks. This "stress fracture" occurs in humans. Does a longer time a force is applied, it can not continue to hold stand takes the soul from harm, and the body has symptoms.


sequence 4

trauma workup
There are basically in trauma treatment, a three-step procedure: first
Stabilization
second Trauma workup
third Reconnecting

diagnosis, stabilization, building a sound industrial relations and labor resources
The view is addressed to the current situation. It is about the stabilization of the existing problems (low self-esteem, neagtives Selsbtbild etc.) to work up gradually loaded situations. It goes out when I am ready to confront me again with the trauma of working through the situation. Traumatized people are striving to try and they want, that's what happened to them never happened. But you, the event can not be undone. At some point seek a the experience. It is absolutely necessary and important work through the traumatic event and to integrate into the life history.
Easy to act as if nothing had happened, looking stubborn in the to judge future, I think that is very fatal and unprofessional. The more careful we are, the faster we progress and the better we can improve the quality of life and the clients look positively toward the future.

sequence 5
everyday knowledge vs. Profession
trauma response = puberty

For me, it is first heard as if the social worker confused the trauma reactions of the girl with the puberty. But I believe that the social worker wanted something different statements. Not all conduct which shows the girl go, with difficult to process experiences from the past along, that not all situations can be of life deal you can not or will not apologize to the past experiences. Here, in this case, it could simply be that the girl simply had no desire to work professionally in perspective and take part in the virtual game. This behavior can be naturally associated with puberty, such as the social worker indicates this. Similarly, one can transfer the behavior of the girl also very clear on an x-any child who is also in the adolescent phase.

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relationship building

-> Item: Professional action in the form of relationship building

(06.05.2009)
second Improving social relations
02.01 stabilizing partnership and family ties
social work is relationship work. The aim of the advisory and life-long work is to stress at the level of personal ties in the family system to build and support the search for livable in everyday relationships. In accordance with this objective in the majority of our interviews lead a successful relationship management in the daily life of the partnership and family bonds designated as the yardstick of success. This support for the bonds in the private world has many faces: the re-attachment of torn-off relationship threads, the wooing of understanding and sensitivity to the special stresses of life as mentally ill and to articulate the practice of changing communication styles that make it possible for people's own needs, concerns and interests and in a balanced interaction reciprocal to, dependents, and the relief of the relations of structural pressures (such as indebtedness of the family system) and of emotional ballast . satisfy
The social relations of my clients are characterized in that they no longer exist. Family exists almost no more, many have been ostracized from her family. Only a very small proportion of women is continuing a family bond, which can then be strengthened or resumed. Many women have even children and they want to add these contacts back to a time when they feel better. I'm working with these women, and this is of course a great success with it if it's actually working. This resumption of family relations is often marked by disappointments and rejections. (Sheltered housing for homeless women)
improvements in the client relationship - we strive to do this family conversations and the group members. Our goal is that even by the members a better understanding of the patient sets that once held communication among stakeholders. If we succeed in that, then that is certainly also a kind of success. Only happens when mental illness often do not because with relatives, friends, employers met with very little understanding. Such reintegration is difficult, it's rare that you get the point through the work, but if we can do it, then I am always very much. (Hospital social service / mental health)
Patients come here to record, and in many cases the relatives do not realize what the disease. If you can make it sensitive members, helping them to understand and thus the relationship with the members again repaired, then I would considered a success. Members working in our house has a high priority. (Hospital social services / geriatric psychiatry)
relationship skills in the family of systems - which also plays a role in the debt, because suffering under the pressure of debt the family relationships are often very strong. If it is successful in creating a relief in the financial field, then get better by the partner relationships. (...) If you then after six months or a year noted that the family ties have become more stable, which is certainly one aspect that I would call a success. (Debt / emergency accommodation services)
Social relationships and their disruptions are an important part of our work. The clients with whom we are dealing with life, often quite isolated, they have little in relationships, often troubled relationships. And since there is already a great success when we see the relationships within the family will be better if contacts can be established with other groups. We make himself also a lot of group work. We have for example two groups of women here who are working hard on this issue. (Social-educational family assistance)
2.2 creation and stabilization of informal network structures
Relational creative work is in many fields of action beyond the small circle of partnership and family. ¬ times as much social work from the situation that thin networks of relationships, new friends only can be closed to the prevailing difficult and lonely life experience is. Here comes the So ¬ cial Ar ¬ mission to Beit, to invent counter products to combat a radical isolation and kidney community newly staged ¬ by between men ¬ ¬ brings another in contact and through this initial cross-linking the foundation for mutual exchange and friendly places. In the methodological literature terms, the concept of "networking" naturalized - thus demonstrating social work as a relationship-building performance, the ways out of social withdrawal, creates new social relationships and promotes enhanced informal networks.
Our work product is stabilization, forge social Networks, and whenever I see that as people are involved and feel more comfortable in social contexts, that's for me a great success. (Service Support Office in the old area)
particular, women who do live longer usually (laughter) than men, are very insulated. Therefore, it is to try an integral part of our work to break this isolation, because we realize that this is combined then with an improving the overall physical condition. (Association of Consulting for older people / housing adaptation)
strong here in the nursery and day care area, we suggest to friends living outside the nursery on. On this way may arise a supporting new network, so that parents, for example, alternate with the pick that they engage each other under the arms, if one or the other is in trouble again. (Local day care center)
3.2 creation of new ties and relationship qualities
A final aspect: Especially in the context of inpatient and offers, it is entitled to Social Work, to create new bonds and relationship quality among people who meet in these educational environments. The social workers interviewed by us formulate this claim as follows: to encourage people (even with the life history mortgaged relationship experiences) to engage "with an open and trust" in new relationships, discover new social proximity and common interests, friendship pins and open up vast new areas of social bonding. Common to their arguments, an educational trust in the power of self-socialization. Where in the dynamic and often conflicting processes of social bonding and anchoring is possible to draw new people personal resources that exert a stabilizing force in terms of life balance and life satisfaction.
Here in assisted living, I put great emphasis on the instrument of group work and strive in that the women stabilize within the group that a group dynamic is and they support each other. This also works. There are also armed and exclusion. There are transfers there. Children, father, mother, uncle, aunt, everything is there, these conflicts are acted out and This will be followed solution strategies. (...) In the beginning, when a group newly formed in assisted living, first there is sunshine. There is a harmony, it's really sweet as sugar, so sweet, that one of them (laughter) gets a toothache. It is not real, it is an idealization, and eventually the whole thing starts to steam and then explode the conflicts. There will be transfers, and then develop solutions to these women. You learn to deal with weaknesses, and to stabilize it, learn social relations to resume and maintain. (Sheltered housing for homeless women)
I see many young people who start to take action on a few or have a very difficult social bonds. When the then harmonized with the times and addition of new bonds with each other among the participants or their families - then I find this a very desirable, a very positive story. I encourage these new social contacts, plus I make the people courage - and if this works for me that is of course a success. (Youth Social Work)
relationship improvements at the client - this is actually the most important thing in our work. Without relationships, I believe, not live human beings. Everyone needs bonds and a sense of belonging to someone and not to be excluded, and with our actions, we try to foster it. Especially those children who have many problems to reach out to others to be involved with us through creative activities, by common games, but also by things that make them personally and make them interesting for other children. We try to make these children can put their own needs accordingly. Not that we set the goals, we simply create niches for new relationships. (...) We also try to involve the neighborhood: For example, if playgrounds are planned by us, we want our children and their projects do not bring about a polarization of the population, but focus on social issues. Neighbourhood initiate perhaps again, yes, feel responsible for the children who are there on the spot, conversely, that the children also feel responsible for older people living in the environment. I do think that we are accomplishing a social networking of people in approaches, especially through our participation in projects. (Mobile leisure activities for children)
The majority of children and young people We are not able to build a healthy, normal social interaction, their relations are often very hierarchical structure, function - and there to create a foundation to build self-confidence to deal openly and with trust in new contacts, the is very important to us. (Patient facility for youth welfare)

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action model to establish trust

includes the manufacture of confidence after Peter (1996), the phases:
-producing a sympathetic communication
degradation of threatening acts
-targeted use of confidence-inducing or-promoting actions

This consistently make up the tasks to be accomplished, would build the confidence of the other person. Building trust requires me to show significant safety signals. The phases run from each other following, until the third phase is built on trust.
Establishing an understanding of communication is unlimited listening, sensitive Register of nonverbal and verbal instructions and feedback to do so. Overall, it's about turning toward a targeted and empathy with the other (Peterson, 1996). Empathy is considered by Peter Mann (1996) as a very key variable for manufacturing confidence. A disinterested yourself-into-displacement included in the other to make a sympathetic communication possible. This is contradicted by "high self-centeredness and competition behavior" (Peterson 1996, p. 109).
The degradation threatening acts is necessary because situations may be perceived in spite of not existing actual threat as a threat. Above it, the person want to build the confidence to be aware of. A certain degree of security must be provided for building trust. Peter Mann (1996) points out that most behavioral signals to people who feel inferior to, threatening to act on them. Not least, be given in such situations must be an aid to classification of the signals when confidence building is required. Assistance can only about planned procedures in behavior. A certain structure of interaction is necessary. This behavior must be characterized by clarity, transparency and predictability are distinguished. Expectations of the people's trust is to be won, must be named. Feedback play here, as in the previous phase play an important role. They are for reference functions (Peterson 1996).
The targeted building will take place in the third phase. Peter Mann (1996) proposes a procedure in which the other person's powers are being transferred, as this contributes to the development of self-confidence. These tasks should not be too easy but not unmanageable, a result seen this person so that self-efficacy and increased safety behavior. Peter Mann (1996) sees the variable self-confidence for the emergence of trust as critical.
summary it can be said that through empathy, predictability, and predictability of behavior and help for self-efficacy due to transfer of powers can establish trust (Peterson 1996).

2.Erklärungsmodell to establish trust in the professional relationship

The implicit trust theory of a person for each area of life plays a critical role in building trust (Mader, 2001; Schweer 1996, 1998a, 2000 a). The addressee has an implicit knowledge of how the trust has to be professionally employed (Mader 2001, Schweer, 1996). Similarly, applicable to that: it has an implicit theory about the prototype of a trusted recipients (Schweer, 1996). In professional relationships People take an especially strong influence in their true social role. In addition, the professional persons associated with the respective connection to an institution (Mader 2001, Luhmann 2000, Schweer 1996) and its behavior is mitstrukturiert by the organizational framework of the institution (Schweer, 1996).
encounter in the professional relationship, two people with individual, sectoral and area-non-specific expectations of the other person. As a domain-specific expectations are reliability and credibility (Neubauer 1991, Schweer, 1996). The domain-specific expectations need to be charged in addition for each area of life (Schweer, 1996). In the actual situation does not match the existing due to the implicit trust theory of expectations with the actual behavior of the confidence shown promoting interaction partner favorable to the development of trust from (Schweer 1996, 1998a). Excessive expectations are therefore considered to be difficult, since they reduce the likelihood of agreement. Trust and confidence, however compatible implicit trust theories, which can be both similar and complementary (Schweer 1996, 1998a) are.
are perceived the expected trust-enhancing information and positively can arise confidence. Such information may occur between Planes. Trust leads to the action level of trust appropriate behaviors (Peterson 1996, Schweer, 1996). Therefore, the recipient now own confidence in memories that verbal and non verbal show of confidence actions (Krumboltz & Potter, 1980, Peterson 1996, Schweer, 1996). This in turn increases the probability of initiation following trust trusting behavior of the interaction partner (Schweer, 1996).

third Confidence in social work

"The social worker must build trust, as an important condition for the function of social work. Will he not, to gain the trust of the person concerned, he can under difficult circumstances, control exercise, only when the person familiar with the social worker, it receives the information that he needed to the required 'tools' use, or carry out the necessary measures. He did not acquire the trust, his work is cumbersome and ineffective, he must provide the necessary information from other sources, such as schools, neighbors, police and other data-management bodies. This is undermining its influence in those affected. This in turn makes it much more difficult to carry out its activities (Zinner 1981, p.92) "

4th Professional relationship and methodical action
The relationship between social worker and client is as relevant as the methodical actions in social work. At the same time professional job paid work, the timing and content requirements subject (Müller-Kohlberg 1993a, 1993b, Zinner 1981). Herein may be considered a contradiction: "A personal relationship is formed ls expression of interest, commitment and sympathy. A methodical approach requires, however, a certain distance, reflection and guidance on a rule system beyond a dialogic situation "(Müller-Kohlberg 1993b, p.67). In concepts for methodical action of the social work part of the structuring phase models are presented using process (including Galuske 1998, Figge 1997, Heiner 1998, B.1997 Müller, Müller CW 1994 Pantucek 1998a, Possehl 1993). These are largely inspired by the three-step methodology of history, social diagnosis and treatment (Galuske 1998), sometimes expanded to the point of evaluation. Although few references to a phase of relationship building are given, for example, Germain and Gitterman (1999), Nicolay (1993) and Pantucek (1998a), in the majority of these models such a phase is not included. This is how Heiner (1998), the possibility of cooperation with the client without working relationship and trust. "Reservations, fear and distrust" (Heiner 1998, p.146) would then only be limited industrial relations Flying without hampering cooperation and problem management.
As already mentioned, see also Wendt (1997a) a positive personal relationship between social worker and client not as a "prerequisite for cooperation [... for] vary attitudes and feelings, in a concerted work keeps you (are) just by firm, that makes them "(Wendt 1997a, p.36).

5th Professionalism of the relationship
The personal relationship between the worker and the client in social work is rare and particularly by the institutional context and the payment of worker's almost impossible (Müller-Kohlberg 1993a, 1993b). The "attitude of intersubjective relationship formation (Schluter 1995, p.192) is the basis of ethical social work. This attitude, which leads, ideally, in a partnership relationship between social worker and the client meets with the reality of structural limitations. One paradox of social work action arises, for example, if "the social worker in the relationship with the clients 'holistic human reference point' should be, and as an expert of social relations uses techniques, which threatens the basis of trust of the relationship [sic]" (Gildermeister 1996, p. 445).
In the social work literature that partnership in the professional relationship between social worker and the client often portrayed as essential to the work (including Baal 1986, Jungblut, 1993, also joined, in 1996, Schluter 1995, Wendt 1997b)


http://books.google.de/books?id=hcAiIlMVmFEC&pg = PA64 & lpg = PA64 & dq = Relationship Building + in + the + social + work & source = bl & ots = ventLlqMYL & sig = eWIHOUq6RR2bhyfADzqUv4y19ZU & hl = en & ei = dZ4BStLbLonFsgbG0NDzDg & sa = X & oi = book_result & ct = result & resnum = 4 # PPA66, M1 (06.05.2009)

-SA could be considered as a tool because a change can only be achieved if left to the clients an impression was (see Gloel in Bimschas & Schroeder, 2003, p.18)
- a prerequisite for the emergence of relationship: - builds relationships between SA and the client to trust in


LG Olga

Hard To Swallow, Flu?

positive reinforcement approach

- curiosity and thirst for knowledge

Kates Playground And Hardcore

Labeling & stigma

-> Item: stigma
Definition: Labeling and stigma approach

labeling
approach is based on a recent approach of the sociology of deviant behavior and was developed on the basis of symbolic interactionism. Not the physical behavior itself, but its negative assessment, "label" can be caused only deviation. Disturbances in mental or criminal behavior and experience, not only in terms of Individual, but viewed in the context of family and social environment. Research questions are: How are deviances human behavior interpreted by the social environment? What meaning and what meaning is accorded to the events? What is right or wrong, regarded as evil or ill? The labeling approach is for example assume that (primary) difference in behavior of youth is only a temporary nature and causes of social intervention by the supervisory bodies and associated attribution processes a secondary deviation. The labeling approach thus provides an enhanced framework of interpretation (labeling perspective), the interaction of people and Properties of the situation as opposed to a "pure" approach emphasizes property.

stigma
behavior due to an own-made stigma follows on in characteristics of persons who may be visible or invisible (eg, physical disability, group membership, behavior). The "visibility" (visibility) makes it easier to stigmatize. On the basis of a stigma tend the "normal" to insinuate other imperfections and negative qualities as generalizations. The attribution is by using specific stigma terms (cripple, moron, pervert, etc.) underlined (prejudices, one's self-fulfilling prophecy).


http://www.psychology48.com/deu/d/stigmatisierung/stigmatisierung.htm (06.05.2009)

LG Olga

How To Recondition The Bathtub

future work

-> Item: Future work
change of life chances - the search for new meaning of life

Social work is not only the support of the subjective life of the client management at the present time. In the helping relationship is always also a trend-utopian element. Social work is oriented work: Based on a representative-hermeneutic interpretation of biography and life situation, they extended into the subjective life of the client threads in the future and provides the addressee so guide in the search for new perspectives on life and desired life changes.


http://www.socialnet.de/materialien/0309herrigerkaehler_erfolg.html (06.05.2009)

LG Olga

Alternative To Hills Z/d

What is trauma?

What is trauma?

Stressful experiences are a natural part of our lives. We have good skills to handle physical and mental stress and to adapt. Under certain conditions, but stressful experiences can lead to trauma and change the physiological, psychological and social balance. The experience is not handled adequately, this leads to severe impairments the whole experience. This can happen to anyone. The mere testimony can lead to trauma.
Traumatic experiences leave traces, even if many people make it somehow to continue their lives in some degree. The memory suddenly appears and hovers like a dark cloud over one.
developed in the worst case, a "post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD)." Typical symptoms include repeated reliving of the trauma in intrusive memories (reverberation memories, flashbacks), dreams or nightmares, occurring against the backdrop of an ongoing sense of numbness and emotional blunting. It often develops over indifference towards other people, unresponsiveness to surroundings, anhedonia, and avoidance of activities and situations that could evoke memories of the trauma. Usually occurs in a state of vegetative over excitement, tension, nervousness and sleep disturbance. Anxiety and depression are often associated with these symptoms and characteristics. The onset follows the trauma, but often only after some time.
trigger trauma
 accidents (car accidents, falls, etc.) 
violence (eg war, rape, robbery, kidnapping)
 bodily harm (eg poisoning, burns, surgery, knife and gunshot wounds)
 traumatic birth, prenatal stress, anxiety
 Natural disasters (fire, earthquake, etc.)
 Emotional trauma (eg, severe loss)

The experienced consequences are overwhelming fear to panic, vulnerability, other trauma, emotional blockage, and behavior blocking , may collapse, exhaustion, apathy, fixation, solidification, etc..

crucial for the development of a trauma, the extent to which mental state to allow sufficient processing. If the psychological defenses weakened, as in periods of high stress, overwork or fatigue may also allegedly are less harmful to the trauma experience. If the experience is too burdensome to process it, trying to protect the body and cut the memory in different proportions. Different sensory impressions, details, procedures etc. are not integrated, but stored as fragments. The body and the mind no longer come to rest and it comes to experienced loss of control, trust, safety and security, to feel-a-heartedness, etc..

The trauma, a "stress fracture of the soul"
One need only one point x any material without ceasing, and to turn her, at some point it breaks. This "stress fracture" occurs in humans. Does a long time a force on him, he can not continue to hold stand takes the soul from harm, and the body has symptoms. From this helplessness there seems to be no escape. Such a force can be a traumatic experience. This is an event that acts from outside on people and fail with the current management strategies, mainly fight or flight.

man-made and non-man-made trauma

We distinguish between man-made (man-made) and non-man-made (not by man-made) trauma. Man-made traumas physical and mental violence, sexual abuse, chronic, severe neglect, robbery, his kidnapping, serious accidents, terrorist attacks, torture or war.
Among the non-man-made trauma include natural disasters, life-threatening illnesses (eg cancer, AIDS) or the sudden loss of a loved one. In most cases this is associated with feelings of powerlessness, helplessness, and helplessness. All feelings are automatically disconnected, it is a state of "frozen its" one that is perceived by those affected as if they were standing by him, as it would have happened not at all as if it was just a movie. Such reactions only serve to survival during and immediately after a trauma, and may after some time Inflammation to subside. Even the mind is working with the traumatic experience to cope. Only when these symptoms are not weaker but stronger for a longer period, it is called a post-traumatic stress disorder.

effects of trauma and diseases

The effects are even more catastrophic, the earlier in age, the trauma took place, the longer they last, and the closer was the relationship with the perpetrator or the perpetrator. Depending on the character and personality, a trauma have very different consequences. Common reactions are repeated, insistent memories of the event, agitation, vegetative Disturbances, irritability, increased vigilance, sudden acting or feeling as if the injury would be returned, even visions (flash-backs) are also included.

How To Kill Yourself Withrestoril

book about bedwetting enuresis

Here I found a very good book on the subject. Unfortunately, it is to get in any library. I have just ordered just the next few days should be there. Think that helps us further on some issues. Have a look the content provided. Look over it (drugs, trauma, etc. all included)

Lg Miri

What Color Of Hose To Wear

Stigmatisierunstheorie

5th The Labeling theory (labeling approach)
She has worked with the theories of social control much in common, but not the premise of the standard consensus. For it is deviant behavior solely a question of who called whom different. Notwithstanding is what is referred to as such, and it is a question of social power, who who may be called deviant. Of the sub-culture theories differs by uniqueness of the labeling approach in rejecting the general validity of the standards of the theory of power in that they can not commit himself to a clear concept of power. But these differences are not clear, and it is by labeling elements of the other theories also discuss how moments of subculture theory and the theory of power in-labeling approach. The added labeling-approach really only set a major emphasis: that the interpretation of a behavior as deviant a question of the presumed or imputed intention behind the behavior, which can have as observable event as such, not "objective" characteristics of the deviation can because they also does not exist. Assuming driving without a valid ticket forgetfulness or intent, the killing of a human enrichment intentions, self-defense, revenge, or mission objectives? Depending unterstelltem motive, the act is interpreted and judged them as different or not. This is the core of the interactionist labeling approach, as portrayed in the input questions and examples already. Every social problem is not going to such by it as such looks and defined as such. You have to leave but the interactionist paradigm, if one considers the question of deviance than the reciprocal of the relationship of the actors involved, when one leaves the standard-setting and intention assumption is not the subjectivity of the inspectors or the societal power struggle and takes into account that a mutual imputation of motives and reactions of a social interaction first founded. This is also true for the interaction of social Controller and labeled as deviants actor. Here, too, is the central question not only the ethical, whether there are universal norms and values that are valid for all, but specific to the level that the deviant has a self-image as deviants, as the liar who knows he is lying and its lie is only successful if the others expect that he's telling the truth. This mutual awareness and understanding, however, the core of the interactionist paradigm, which believes strongly in the labeling approach-related. His fertility turns out to be only in situations of unilateral interaction.
The feel-labeling approach usually assumes that the Labeled as deviant himself not as a deviant, an assumption, which only as each case must turn right and should not be put under general. Also, the labeling-approach gets his explosiveness in the education on that lens is somewhat subjective, but one would actually say something intersubjective. Interactions can also be structured by power imbalances, but there are interactions and interaction can also be criticized, and may be modified. Such an imbalance is normal in social work action situations. All the more reason then that power is deliberately make its labeling. This can not mean, however, to dispense with the moral judgments and to accept the self-interpretation of the deviant. It means that we must satisfy himself of his appeal as a justifiable and in the interaction with the comparison with the consensus seeking. have studies on young offenders have shown that to be accepted on a general level, the rules and standards, in this case that of the criminal law and is also admitted to almost always break them too. Disagreement exists in most cases in assessing the actual fact that is used by the perpetrators often "neutralized" perspective that is in their special meaning (downplaying the fact ("not so bad"), blaming the victim ("is it yourself blame "), seduction of others (" am in bad Company advised "), complaints about unfair treatment by police and justice (" there is but one of the culprits looking for, "etc.). However, there are "repentant" reactions, reflecting the expectations of inspectors.

[Much love. Esther]

Sporadic Blonde Highlights

from bedwetting, called in technical language enuresis, in colloquial language and bed-wetting is a disease or disorder spoken only in children who are at least five years old and do not suffer from an organic disease of the urinary tract.
Only when no organic disease is detected, it is actually a enuresis. The wetting can be treated very successfully. In any case, for treatment, a medical examination precede to distinguish organic causes to exclude können.Das approach depending on whether your child is bedwetting, also during the day or only during the day einnässt. Used are mostly behavioral techniques, because it is the best healing results aufweisen.Bestandteil therapy among other things that you write down exactly when and in what situation einnässt your child. is supportive in especially serious cases, behavioral therapy, drug treatment possible. An exclusive Treatment with medication is not appropriate as it is usually an outpatient basis after cessation to relapse kommt.Die therapy in most cases (the children can go home after treatment) is carried out by psychotherapists for children and young people. (link)
------------------------------------------ ------------------------------------------
Possible behavioral characteristics in young children after a traumatic experience
(up to and including primary school age)
• Feelings of anxiety, fear and worry about their own safety and the other
• Fear of recurrence of the event
• tearfulness, • tunable, irritability
behavioral change: anxiety, poor concentration, withdrawal, angry outbursts,
aggression, running away
• Physical symptoms: headache, abdominal pain, other pain
• deterioration of school performance
recovery • the critical incident, such as by playing or talking
• Increased sensitivity to noise
• questions about death and dying
• Sleep and appetite disturbances
• loss of interest in usual activities regarding
• negative behavior (defiant)
• relapse Pronounced in baby-like Behavior (eg, baby talk, bedwetting, tantrums )
• expression of hatred or anger
------------------------------- -------------------------------------------------- ---------
Psychological Support: The night "in bed flowing urine" has been compared to "tears" that the child could not cry on the day (The bubble is the mirror of the soul / 551-779v Confucius.). However, we now know, in contrast to earlier assumptions that bedwetting is triggered only in a very small percentage of mental disorders: Rather, these are a side effect, the has arisen because of the problem. be involved in cases of serious mental health problems must be a child psychologist in the treatment. It is essential that the child is not exposed to additional pressure. Rather, it requires in this situation, encouragement and comfort, especially if the child is challenging, and this situation is not clear.

[greetings. Esther]